Poem Analysis:
Rudyard Kipling's poem "Quiquern" offers a poignant exploration of cultural change, exploitation, and the erosion of traditional ways of life among indigenous Arctic peoples. Through vivid imagery and stark contrasts, Kipling portrays the plight of various Inuit communities facing the encroachment of Western influence.
The People of the Eastern Ice: Kipling begins by depicting the Eastern Inuit, who are described as "melting like the snow." This imagery suggests a loss of cultural identity and traditional practices as they adopt Western commodities like coffee and sugar. The mention of them following the white men reflects the influence of colonialism and globalization on indigenous communities.
The People of the Western Ice: In contrast, the Western Inuit are portrayed as resorting to theft and violence, perhaps as a response to the disruption caused by the arrival of white traders. They are depicted as sacrificing their integrity and dignity in exchange for material goods from the white traders.
The People of the Southern Ice: The Southern Inuit, while engaging in trade with whalers, are depicted as struggling to maintain their traditional way of life. Despite the superficial display of wealth with ribbons, their living conditions remain impoverished, with torn tents symbolizing their deteriorating lifestyle.
The People of the Elder Ice: The poem concludes with a stark portrayal of the Elder Inuit, who are isolated from the influence of the white man. They are depicted as the last remnants of an ancient way of life, symbolized by their use of narwhal-horn spears. This imagery suggests a sense of reverence for their traditional culture and a recognition of their resilience in the face of change.
Themes of Cultural Erosion and Resilience: "Quiquern" delves into themes of cultural erosion, exploitation, and resilience among indigenous Arctic peoples. Kipling highlights the devastating impact of colonialism and Westernization on these communities, leading to the loss of traditional practices and values. However, amidst these challenges, there is also a sense of resilience and survival, embodied by the People of the Elder Ice who cling to their heritage despite the encroachment of modernity.
In conclusion, Rudyard Kipling's "Quiquern" is a powerful portrayal of the cultural upheaval faced by indigenous Arctic peoples in the wake of European colonization. Through evocative imagery and poignant contrasts, the poem underscores the complexities of cultural change and the enduring resilience of traditional ways of life.
